Organic Farming: Role of Microorganism

Anjana Jadon; Maya Verma

doi:10.70130/CAST.2021.1104

Authors

Anjana Jadon Government Girls P.G. College, Kannauj, CSSM University, Chhibramau, Kanpur Author
Maya Verma Government Girls P.G. College Banda, 210001 Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70130/CAST.2021.1104

Keywords:

organic farming, agroecosystem, biofertilizers

Abstract

The consumption of chemical fertilizers in India is increased, over the last three decades. These chemical fertilizers are used to enhance plant growth and productivity of the crop. But they are very toxic to our health because chemical fertilizers possess many types of chemical compounds like chromium, zinc, coppers, cobalt, cadmium, aluminum, lead and so on. Therefore continuous consumption of fertilizers may cause various type of serious diseases such as hypertension (High BP), hemoglobin deficiency, skin diseases, kidney failure, improper mental and physical growth and water-borne diseases also. Chemical fertilizers such as pesticides and herbicides are slow poison and reached our body with the food material. It is estimated that 800,000 people in developing countries have been died due to use of pesticides. Therefore biofertilizers is a better choice than the chemical fertilizers for good health and a better life. Microorganism or microbes are found all around us and even in our body. They are bacteria, viruses, algae, fungi and protozoa. Some microbes are beneficial to plants and act as chemical fertilizers so-called biofertilizers. They exist in the rhizosphere and known as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) or plant growth-promoting microorganism. They have the ability to inhabit the root of the plants and improve their development. In the present scenario, plant growth-promoting microorganism is very important for restoring the agroecosystem. Switch on biofertilizers is the basic need in present time for inhibiting various diseases caused by chemical fertilizers. Thus microorganisms are being used as a replacement of chemical fertilizers. In this chapter, we will attempt to explain the roles of microbes in organic farming for improving human race and nature by maintaining sustainable agroecosystem along with the history of organic farming and its relevance, problems and constraints in India.

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